Posted on : 27 May, 2021, 04:29:21 PM

Top 50 Python Interview Questions and Answers

Top 50 Python Interview Questions and Answers


With every second of time, we are moving forward progressively and observing that machine learning and artificial intelligence are growing day by day, which increases the scope and career options for Python developers. 


Python is becoming more popular day by day, and many of us are probably encountering technical Python interviews with advanced questions. That's why Wissenhive decided to cover the top 50 python interview questions with answers from beginner level to advance level to help the interviewee to break the ice in the Python interview.

1.What do you understand about Python?

Python refers to a computer programming language which was released in 1991 and created by Guido van Rossum. It is a general-purpose, object-oriented, and high-level programming language that can be equally run in various platforms such as UNIX, Windows, Macintosh, and Linux. Python is widely used for machine learning, artificial intelligence, and the data science domain.

 

2. What are the uses of python?

  • Web Development 
  • Mathematics
  • System Scripting
  • Software Development

 

3. What are the applications of Python?

  • Web and Internet Development
  • GUI based desktop applications
  • Operating systems
  • Games
  • Enterprise and business applications development
  • Scientific and computational applications
  • Image processing and graphic design applications
  • Language development

 

4. Differentiate between Tuples and Lists in Python?

Tuples Lists
Tuples are immutable Lists are mutable
Tuples are faster than the list Lists are slower than tuples.

Syntax: tup_1 = (10, ‘Chelsea’ , 20)

Syntax: list_1 = [10, ‘Chelsea’, 20]

 

5. What are the features or advantages of Python?

  • Easy to code
  • Free and Open Source
  • Object-Oriented Language
  • GUI Programming Support
  • High-Level Language
  • Extensible feature
  • Python is a Portable language
  • Python is an Integrated language
  • Interpreted Language
  • Large Standard Library
  • Dynamically Typed Language

 

6. Is Python a programming or scripting language?

Python programming language is a general-purpose programming language, but it is also capable of scripting.

 

7. What do you understand from PEP8?

The full form of PEP is Python Enhancement Proposal which refers to a set of rules to specify how python code should be formatted for higher and maximum readability.

 

8. What do you understand about Python Literals?

Python Literals can be represented as data that is given in a constant or variable. Python supports three types of literal, and those are 

  • String Literals 
    • "Aman", '12345'. (example)
  • Numeric Literals
    • # Integer literal  a = 10
    • #Float Literal b = 12.3
    • #Complex Literal x = 3.14j
  • Boolean Literals
    • # Boolean literal  isboolean = True

 

9. What are the built-in types of Python?

  • Complex numbers
  • Strings
  • Integers
  • Floating-Point
  • Boolean
  • Built-in functions

 

10. What are Python Functions?

A Python function refers to a section of the block of code or program that is only written once and can be executed any time when the program requires. A python function is a set of self-contained statements with a valid name, body, and parameters list. It also makes programming more modular and functional for performing modular tasks. Python gives multiple built-in functions to accomplish and complete the tasks that allow a user to build new functions.

as

The Python functions divided into four parts, and those are 

  • User-defined Functions
  • Built-In Functions
  • Lambda Functions
  • Recursion Function

 

11. What do you understand about Python libraries?

Python libraries refer to a set of Python packages. Some of the commonly used python libraries are

  • Scikit-learn 
  • Matplotlib
  • Numpy
  • Pandas
  • Keras
  • Tensorflow
  • Seaborn

ads

 

12. How to delete files in python?

asd

For deleting files in Python, the user is required to import the OS Module; after that user can easily use the os.remove() function.

For example:

import os

os.remove("xyz.txt")

 

13. What are Python modules?

Python modules are files that contain code of python. This code can either function as variables or classes. It is a .py file that includes executable code.

Some built-in modules in python are

  • os
  • random
  • data time
  • Math
  • JSON 

 

14. How to randomize the items of the list in place by using python?

from random import shuffle

x = ['Keep', 'The', 'Blue', 'Flag', 'Flying', 'High']

shuffle(x)

print(x)

Result: ['Flying', 'Keep', 'Blue', 'High', 'The', 'Flag']

 

15. How to store memory in python?

There are different ways of storing and managing memory in Python. 

  • Python private heap space helps in managing memory in Python. All python data structures and objects are placed in a private heap. The python interpreter takes care of Python private heap space, but the programmer doesn't have any access to it.
  • Python's memory manager does the allocation of heap space for Python objects. The core of API provides access to some tools to the programmer for coding purposes.
  • Python has an inbuilt collector for garbage that focuses on recycling the unused memory to make space available for the heap.

 

16. How to add values to an array?

Elements can be added to an array by utilizing the extend(), insert (i,x), append() functions

a=arr.array('d', [1.1 , 2.1 ,3.1] )

a.append(3.4)

print(a)

a.extend([4.5,6.3,6.8])

print(a)

a.insert(2,3.8)

print(a)

Result:

array(‘d’, [1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.4])

array(‘d’, [1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.4, 4.5, 6.3, 6.8])

array(‘d’, [1.1, 2.1, 3.8, 3.1, 3.4, 4.5, 6.3, 6.8])

 

17. How to create classes in Python? 

Class in Python can be created by using the class keyword.

For example:

class Employee:

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

E1=Employee("abc")

print(E1.name)

Result: abc

 

18. What is the process of removing the values to a python array?

To remove Array elements the remove() or pop() method is used. The difference between remove() or pop() two methods is that the former returns the deleted value, but the latter does not return the deleted value.

a=arr.array('d', [1.1, 2.2, 3.8, 3.1, 3.7, 1.2, 4.6])

print(a.pop())

print(a.pop(3))

a.remove(1.1)

print(a)

Result:

4.6

3.1

array(‘d’, [2.2, 3.8, 3.7, 1.2])

 

19. What is the type of conversion in Python?

  • ord() – converts characters into integer
  • hex() – converts integers to hexadecimal
  • str() – Used for converting an integer into a string.
  • tuple() – Used for converting to a tuple.
  • set() – It returns the type after converting to set.
  • float() – converts data type to float type
  • oct() – It transforms an integer to the octal
  • int() – converts data type to integer type
  • list() – Used to convert any data type to a list type.
  • dict() – Used to convert a tuple of order (key and value) into a dictionary.
  • complex(real,imag) – Used for converting real numbers to complex(real,imag) numbers.

 

20. What do you mean by monkey patching in Python?

The term monkey patching refers to the dynamic modification of a module or class at run-time.

For Example:

# m.py

class MyClass:

def f(self):

print "f()"

Users can run monkey patch like this

import m

def monkey_f(self):

print "monkey_f()"

 

m.MyClass.f = monkey_f

obj = m.MyClass()

obj.f()

Result: monkey_f() 

 

21. What do you understand about Python packages?

Python packages are namespaces that include various modules.

vxf

 

22. What is the process to install Python on Windows and set the path for variables?

  • Install python on your PC from https://www.python.org/downloads/
  • Find the location where PYTHON is installed by using the command “cmd python.” 
  • go to advanced settings, load a new variable, name that as PYTHON_NAME, and paste the copied path.
  • Go for the variable path and select its value, then click edit
  • End the value with the semicolon if it isn’t presented, type %PYTHON_HOME%

 

23. What is the work of  [::-1}?

The main role of [::-1] is to reverse the entire order of a sequence and array. It also reprints the ordered data structures’ reverse copy like a list and an array. The original list or array remains unchanged.

import array as arr

My_Array=arr.array('i',[1,2,3,4,5])

My_Array[::-1]

Result: array(‘i’, [5, 4, 3, 2, 1])

 

24. Is indentation necessary in Python?

Indentation is required for Python as it specifies a block of code. All code within classes, loops, functions, etc., is defined within an organized block, usually done using four different space characters. If your code is not necessarily indented, it will not accurately execute and throw errors.

 

25. Is python numpy better than lists?

Users prefer using a python numpy array on the place of the list because of three main reasons.

  • Less Memory
  • Fast
  • Convenient

sdfs

 

26. Which programming language is better, Java and Python?

Both the languages are object-oriented programming languages.

Criteria Python Java
Ease of use Very Good Good
Coding Speed Excellent Average
Data types Dynamic type

Static type

Machine learning and Data Science application Very Good Average

 

27. What do you understand by __init__?

The __init__ refers to a constructor or method in Python. It has been called automatically to allocate the memory when a new instance/ object of the class is built. 
For example -

class Employee:

def __init__(self, name, age,salary):

self.name = name

self.age = age

self.salary = 20000

E1 = Employee("XYZ", 23, 20000)

# E1 is the instance of class Employee.

#__init__ allocates memory for E1.

print(E1.name)

print(E1.age)

print(E1.salary)

Result-

XYZ

23

20000

 

28. What are the functions in Python?

A function is a set of code that is administered only when it is required. For defining the Python function, the keyword "def" is used.

For example -

def Newfunc():

print("Hi, Welcome to Wissenhive")

Newfunc(); #calling the function

 

29. Why is the use of the join() function?

The join() function is defined as the string method that works on returning the string value, and it is concatenated with the components of an iterable. It provides a way that is flexible to concatenate strings. 

str = "Rohan"  

str2 = "ab"  

# Calling function    

str2 = str.join(str2)    

# Displaying result    

print(str2) 

Result:

aRohanb

 

30. What is a lambda function?

An anonymous function or lambda function refers to a function that is not bound to an identifier in computer programming. Anonymous functions are used to construct a higher-order function that requires returning the function or is often being passed to higher-order functions.

For example:

a = lambda x,y : x+y

print(a(5, 6))

Result: 11

 

31. Does Python support multiple inheritances?

Multiple inheritances mean that a class can be obtained from multiple parent classes as Python supports various inheritances, unlike Java.

 

32. What is the shortest method for opening the text file and for displaying the content?

The shortest route for opening the text file is by using the "with" command.

with open("file-name", "r") as fp:  

fileData = fp.read()  

#to print the contents of the file   

print(fileData)

 

33. How to overload constructors or methods

The constructor of Python: _init__ () refers to the first method of a class. Whenever the user tries to instantiate an object, __init__() is automatically requested by Python to initialize members of an object. Users can not overload methods and constructors in Python because it starts showing an error report if they try to overload.

class student:  

    def __init__(self,name):  

        self.name = name  

    def __init__(self, name, email):  

        self.name = name  

        self.email = email  

       

# This line will generate an error  

#st = student("rahul")  

  

# This line will call the second constructor  

st = student("rahul", "rahul@gmail.com")  

print(st.name)  

Output:  

rahul 

 

34. What is the work of len()?

len() is used for determining the length of the list, a string, an array, etc.

For example: 

stg='ABCD'

len(stg)

 

35. What is the process for removing whitespaces from a string?

For removing the trailing spaces and whitespaces from the string, Python provides a built-in strip ([str]) function. It returns the string copy after removing if the whitespaces are presented. Otherwise, it returns the original string.

string = "  wissenhive "  

string2 = "    wissenhive       "  

string3 = "       wissenhive        "  

print(string)  

print(string2)  

print(string3)  

print("After stripping all have placed in a sequence:")  

print(string.strip())  

print(string2.strip())  

print(string3.strip()) 

Result:

wissenhive 

   wissenhive        

      wissenhive

After stripping all have placed in a sequence.

wissenhive

wissenhive

wissenhive

 

36. What is Polymorphism?

Polymorphism refers to the ability that can take various forms, and python supports polymorphism. So, for instance, if the parent class named its method ABC, then the child class will also have the same method name as ABC with its own variables and parameters.

 

37. Define encapsulation?

Encapsulation refers to a process that helps in binding the data and code together. The best example for encapsulation is the Python class.

 

38. What is the process of removing the leading whitespaces from a string?

For removing the leading characters from a string, users can use lstrip() function as it takes an optional char type parameter. If any parameter is provided, it focuses on removing the character. Or it removes every leading space from the string.

string = "  wissenhive"   

string2 = "    wissenhive       "  

print(string)  

print(string2)  

print("After stripping all leading whitespaces:")  

print(string.lstrip())  

print(string2.lstrip()) 

Output

 

wissenhive

    wissenhive       

After stripping all leading whitespaces:

wissenhive

wissenhive

  w i s s e n h i v e    

All the whitespaces are removed, and it gives a result like 

w i s s e n h i v e

 

39. What is the usage of the break statement?

 

The break statement is used for terminating the current loop execution. It concentrates on breaking the current execution and transferring the control to the outside of the current block. If the block exits from the loop, if the break is in a nested loop, if the block is in a loop, that means it exits from the innermost loop

even = [2,4,6,8,10,11,12,14]  

odd = 0  

for val in even:  

    if val%2!=0:  

        odd = val  

        break  

    print(val)  

print("odd value found",odd) 

Output:

2

4

6

8

10

odd value found 11

 

40. What is Django architecture?

dasd

The developer implements this Model, the view, and the template, then just maps it to a Django, and the URL does the magic to serve and assist it to the user.

 

41. How to calculate percentiles with NumPy/Python?

importing numpy as np

a = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])

p = np.percentile(a, 50) #Returns 50th percentile

 

42.  What is the Python Break statement flowchart? 

asd

 

43. What is the program for checking if the sequence is Palindrome in python?

a=input("enter sequence")

b=a[::-1]

if a==b:

    print("palindrome")

else:

    print("Not a Palindrome")

Result:

enter sequence 323 palindrome

 

44. What is the swapcase() function?

Swapcase() function refers to a string function that transforms all the lowercase characters into the uppercase characters and vice versa. It is used for altering the string’s existing case. It helps in creating the string copy that includes every character in the swap case. If the string is in uppercase, it generates an upper case string and vice versa. It automatically ignores all the non-alphabetic characters.

string = "IT IS IN LOWERCASE."  

print(string.swapcase())  

  

string = "it is in uppercase."  

print(string.swapcase())

Result:

it is in lowercase. 

IT IS IN UPPERCASE

 

45. How to locally save the image by using python, whose URL address you already know?

import urllib.request

urllib.request.urlretrieve("URL", "local-filename.jpg")

46. How to produce a Star triangle in python? 

def pyfunc(r):

    for x in range(r):

        print(' '*(r-x-1)+'*'*(2*x+1))    

pyfunc(9)

         *

       ***

      *****

     *******

    *********

   ***********

  *************

 ***************

*****************

 

47. What is the sorting algorithm for a numerical dataset?

list = ["1", "4", "0", "6", "9"]

list = [int(i) for i in list]

list.sort()

print (list)

 

48. How to write comments in python?

Python comments start with the # character. However, commenting can be done by using docstrings. 

For example:

#Comments in Python start like this

print("Comments in Python start with a #")

 

49. What is the enumerate() function?

The enumerate() function is used for iterating through a sequence and simultaneously recovering the index position and its corresponding value.

For i,v in enumerate(['Python','Java','C++']):  

print(i,v)  

0 Python  

1 Java  

2 C++  

# enumerate using an index sequence  

for count, item in enumerate(['Python','Java','C++'], 10): 

 

50. What do you mean by shuffle() method?

The work of the shuffle() method is to shuffle the given array or string. This method randomizes the items in the array and also presents the random module. So, the user requires to import and then can call the function. The shuffle() method also shuffles elements whenever the functions call and produce various outputs.

 

We, Wissenhive, hope you found the top 50 python programming interview questions blog useful and helpful. The questions covered in this blog are the most sought-after consulting programmers for Python that will help the interviewee in acing their next job interview!

If you are looking forward to learning and mastering all of the Python concepts & skills and getting a certification in the same, do take a look at advanced and latest Python certification offerings from Wissenhive.

The Pulse of Wissenhive

Upgrade Your Skills with Our Advanced Courses

Speak with

Our Advisor

Mail Us

info@wissenhive.com

Contact Us

Drop a query